Brake



C. WASEIGE Dec. 8 1925.

BRAKE original Filed Feb:` 9. 1921 Patented Dec, 8, 1925.

UNITED STATES CHARLES WASEIGE, OF PARIS, FRANCE, HENRI AND MAURICE FARMAN, OF B AssIGNoIa 'ro SOCIT DES AEnoPLANEs BRAKE.

Griginal application led February 2,

To all whom it may concern:

n Be it known that I, CHARLES WAsnrGn, a citizen of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brakes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to brakes, and is illustratedl as embodied in a novel servo or self-energizing brake for an automobile. An object of the invention is to take full advantage of the braking friction in applying the brake, by what is known as a servo or self-energizing action, while avoiding the various disadvantages of prior constructions, such as dragging of the shoes, liability to grab or lock so they cannot be "released, etc.

Having this object in view, the invention contemplates the use of one brake shoe, having a limited circumferential movement with the brake drum, to force an anchored shoe against the drum, the anchored shoe thereupon serving as an anchorjfor the first or servo shoe. Preferably this method of operation is insured by means such as a spring, which holds the anchored shoe out of engagement with the drum until the servo shoe is urged circumferentially by a combination of the brake-actuating means and the friction of the drum to overcome the resistance of the spring. When the brake is idle the spring may hold. ther anchored shoe against a novel stop. In the illustrated embodiment the servo shoe is moved into engagement with the drum by a novel cam, whichis preferably substantially irreversible, and which does not restrain circumferential movement of the shoe.

Other features of the invention relate to various novel combinations of parts and desirable particular constructions which will be apparent from the following description of the illustrative embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section throu h the brake, taken just inside the wheel an looking toward the center of the chassis, and showing the shoes in side elevation;

Figure 2 is a partial plan view looking down on Vthe .pivotal connection of the shoes, and broken away to show the con` nection in horizontal section;

192,1, LSeria-1 No. 443,556. Divided and this application filed May 2, 1925. Serial No. 27,469.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section just in- 'side the drum, showing the ends of the shoes in top plan; and

Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4 4 of Figure i, showing the novel stop for the anchored shoe.

lIn the arrangement selected-forvillustration, the brake includes a drum 10 carried by the road wheel of a vehicle, and provided. with a stationary (it e. non-rotating) backing plate 12, while within the drum are arranged a plurality of arcuate shoes 14 and 16, preferably of aluminum faced with metallo-plastic friction material 18, of asbestos and brass, or other suitable material. A connection, such as a hollow'rivet 20, between the shoes provides for the forcing of shoe 16 against the drum 10 by circumfer- 'ential movement of shoe 14.

In order to insure this action', shoe 16 is held by a coil tension spring 22, connected to backing plate 12, in an idle position determined by a stop 24, having a head to engage a bracketA 26 projecting yfrom-shoe 16, and threaded to receive an adjustable nut 28 engaging a part 30 pressed out ofthe backing plate 12a Shoe 14 is urged toward idle position by a spring 32, shown connected between the two shoes. The shoes have parallel flanges 34 and 36 on their inner surfaces, forming angular or channel-shaped reinforcing ribs. As the aluminum of shoe 14 is too soft advantageously to be operated on by the y,brake cam, I provide a steel or other hardened cam-engaging member 38 littingbetween the flanges 34, and having a thrust flange 40 engaging the end of the shoe., The member 38, thus forming the end of shoe 14,1s gulded and embraced by the parallel arms. of the forked end 42 of shoe 16, as best appears in Figure 3. g

Shoe 16 is anchored, at the end opposite the connection 20, by being j pivotally mounted on a shaft 441carrying a cam 46 l between the arms of the forked end 42 in engagement with member 38 of shoe 14. The cam shown is formed on an involute curve, and is substantially irreversible.

In operation,\rocking cam 46 swings shoe 14 around the connection 20, against the resistance of lspring 32, into engagement with ILLANCOURT, FRANCE, A CORPORATION OE` drum 10. The friction of the drum urges l the shoe circumferentially in a counterclockwise direction in Figure 1 (when the vehicle is moving forward), and a slight movement of this shoe operates to-swing shoe 16 toward the drum against the resistance of spring 22. Thereafter the connection 20'serves as an anchor for shoe 14, and

A transmits the braking torque of that shoe through the shoe 16 to its anchor.

IVhile one illustrative embodiment of the invention has been described in detail, it is not my intention to limit its scope to that particular embodiment, or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims. The present application is a division of my application No. 443,556, filed February 9, 1921.

I claim:

1. In combination with a drum, an internal brake for engaging the drum consisting of a plurality of connected shoes having two separated ends, a spindle and brake actuating means disposed between said separated ends so that one end tends to contact with said brake actuating means, and the other end is pivoted upon the spindle, a spring engaging a shoe and normally tending to hold said ends in such position as and for the purposes described. and means acting on the shoes adjacent their connection and insuring engagement with the drum of the shoe in contact with said means prior to engagement with 'the drum of the shoe pivoted on the spindle.

2. In combination with a drum, an inter- A nal brake of the self energizing type wherein one part reacts an another part, for engaging the drum, said brake having at least two connected shoes, actuating lmeans for operatingthe shoes, said means being arranged to act on at least one of said shoes, another of said shoes being pivoted closely adjacent the actuating means but independent thereof, a main return spring acting between the last mentioned brake shoe and the unanchored shoe and .at points relatively close to the cam and said pivot, a secondary return spring connected at one end to a stationary member independent of the brake shoes and at the other end to one shoe near the end connected to the other shoe, and an adjustable stop for predetermining the clearance of, said pi'voted shoe from the drum.

3, In combination with a drum, an internal brake of the self energizing type, comprising two connect-ed shoes, a cam with means for actuating the same, the end of one shoe being provided with a cam follower, means for guiding said follower, the other brake shoe being pivoted closely adjacent the'cam, but independent thereof, a main spring acting between the two shoes at points near to but on opposite sides of said cam follower, and a secondary spring connected at one end to a stationary member independent of the brake shoes, and the other end to the pivoted shoe near its joint as and fory the purposes described.

4. In combination with a drum, an internal brake of the self energizing type composed of connected shoes, brake actuating means for moving said shoes into contact with the drum, an adjustable device intermediate the ends of one of the shoes and engaging the same, and means independent of said actuating means and engaging the other shoe to position it laterally.

5, In a brake mechanism, including a rotatable member and a brake therefor, means for obtaining a self energizing action of the brake on said rotatable member, comprising connected tralie shoes anchored at one end, means for acting on the unanchored end to move the brake into engagement with said rotatable member, a support for said means, and means engaging opposite sides of the unconnected end of the unanchored shoe to position it axially of the drum so las to hold it in proper working relation to said means.

6. In combination with a drum, an internal bnake of the self energizing type wherein the rotation of the drum assists in applying the brakes, said brake having connected shoes with one end responsive to an operating member and one end relatively pivoted, and an operating member for moving said responsive end to apply said shoes to the drum, a main returning means for the shoe end responsive to the operating member and an auxiliary spring connected at one end to va relatively stationary member and at the other end to one of the connected shoes near the point of connection.

7. In combination with a drum, an internal brake of thc self energizing type wherein the rotation of the drum assists in applying the brakes, said brake having a plurality of connected shoes with at least one end responsive to an operating member and one end relatively pivoted on a part of the operating means and extending into guiding relationship with the rst mentioned end and an operating member for moving said responsive end to apply said shoes to the drum, means for returning the shoes when released and means for adjusting with respect to the drum, at least one of said shoes intermediate its ends.

8. In combination with a drum` a selt' energizing brake comprising a plurality of connected brake shoes, one end being relatively fixed, operating means acting on the other end of the brake to move this end of. the brake into contact with the drum and a spring attached at one end to a relatively non-movable member and the other end to said shoe having the relatively fixed end whereby the last'mentioned shoe is brought free end of the brake 9. Abrake comprising, in combination, a drum, an expansible friction device within the drum, a support adjacent the drum, a

.pivot carried bythe support and serving as an anchor for one end of the friction device,

expanding means acting on the unanchored .ment with the drum of the unanchored end 'of the device prior to engagement with the drum of the anchored end of the device.

10. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, connected primary and secondary shoes within the drum, a fixed pivot anchor tor one end ot one of the connected shoes, an operating device engaging theother of the connected Shoes to move thef primary shoe against the drum without restraining said primary shoe from limited circumferential movement caused in part by the yfriction of the drum and effective to increase the force of the secondary shoe against the drum, and a spring adjacent the connected ends ,of the shoes and arrangedto swing the anchored shoe about its anchored end away from the drum until overcome by movement of the unanchored shoe.

inl combination, a

a on the shoe on the opposite side of the stop from the anchored end, and. a connection operated by circumferential movement of the primary shoe for moving the secondary shoe against the drum.

.12. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, a Heating rigid and arcuate primary shoe within the drum,a secondary ri id and arcuate shoe anchored at one end wit in the drum, means for moving the primary shoe against the drum so that it is urged circumierentially by trictional engagement therewith, a connection operated by circumferential movement of the primary shoe for moving the secondary shoe against the drum, and means acting on one of the shoes adjacentits connected end to insure successive operation of the shoes.

13. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, a stationary member, a shoe within the drum anchored at .one end and having a 'spring connected at its end to the stationary member and urging the shoe inwardly away from the drum, an unanchore'd Aservo shoe within the drum, a connection operated by circumferential movement of the servo shoe to force the anchoredshoe against the drum, and means to move the unanchored shoe against the `drum to be urged circumferentiallyby the friction of the drum.

14. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum,I a stationary member, a shoe within the drum anchored at one end, an unanchored shoe, connecting means operated by circum ferential movement of the unanchored shoe to force the anchored shoe against the drum, and means for determining an idle position of theshoes out of engagement with the drum including a coil tension spring connected at one end to one of the shoes'adjacent the end connected by said means to the other shoe and at the other end to the stationary member.

15. yA brake comprising, in combination, a shoe forked at one end to provide parallel arms, another shoe having its end projecting between the arms, and an operating cam beL tween the arms and between the two shoes..L

16JA brake comprising, in combination, a cam and a shaft for operating it, a shoe anchored at one end on the shaft, another shoe pivotally connected to the unanchored end of the first shoe and having its free en d en- ,gaging the cam and parts projecting past the sides of the cam and.V slidably embracingthe sides ofthe unanchored shoe to position it laterally. i 10 f 17. A brake comprising, in combination, a

shoe forked at one end to-provide a pair of arms, another shoe having its end projecting between the arms, vice between the arms.

18. A brake comprising, in combination,

a drum, connected shoes anchored at one end ofone of the shoes within the drum, a brakeapplying device acting on the unanchored 1.1@ shoe, and means -connected to one of the shoes adjacent its connected end and urging the unanchored end of the anchored shoe away from the drum and insuring engagement of the unanchorednshoe with the drum prior to engagement of the anchored shoe with the drumu 19.. A brake comprising, in combination, a I drum, a primary shoe within the drum, a secondary shoe anchored at one end within 12@ the drum, a vbrake-applying device for forcing the shoes outwardly against the drum, and means acting on the unanchored end of the secondary shoe and urging it away from the drum and arranged to insure engagement of the primary shoe with the drum prior to ngagement of the secondary shoe with the rum.

shoes and between said m5 20.v A brake comprising, in combination, a

drum, an anchored shoe pivoted at one end 13 and a brake-operating de;

within the drum, a servo shoe related to the anchored shoe, the shoes being arranged end to end, a brake-applying device acting on the servo shoe, and connecting and controlling means acting on the adjacent ends of the shoes and arranged to insure engagement of the anchored shoe with the drum after the engagement of the servo shoe with the drum.

21. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, connected shoes anchored at one end of one of the shoes within the drum, a brakeapplying device acting on the unanchored shoe, and a springacting on the anchored shoe adjacent its unanchored end and arranged to insure engagement of the unanchored shoe with the drum prior to engagement of the anchored shoe with the drum.

22. A b 1ake comprising, in combination, a drum, connected shoes anchored at one end ot one of the shoes within the drum, a spring connected to the unanchored shoe, means for forcing the unanchored shoe against the drum against the resistance of said spring, and means for insuring engagement with the drum of the unanchored shoe prior to the anchored shoe.

23. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, connected shoes anchored at one end of one of the shoes within the drum and extending substantially more than 180, means for forcing the unanchored shoe against the drum, and a pair of Springs, oney urging the unanchored end of the shoes away from the drum, and the other urging the connected ends of the shoes away Vfrom the drum.

24. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, connected shoes anchored .at one end of one of the shoes within the drum and extending substantially Inore than 1800, means for forcing the unanchored shoe against the drum, and a spring acting on'lthe shoes near their connection to cause the unanchored shoe to be swung by said means about the connection against the drum prior to engagement of the anchored shoe with the drum. Y

- 25. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, a pair of shoes within the drum, one of which is anchored at one end, a connection between the shoes, means for forcing the unanchored shoe against the drum, the anchored shoe being forced against the drum partly by the action of said means and partly by the 'friction of the drum against the unanchored shoe, and a spring connected to the unanchored end of the anchored shoe and arranged to urge the anchored shoe away from the drum to prevent it from dragging against the drum, the spring being overcome in forcing the anchored shoe against the drum.

26. A brake comprising, in combination, a drum, a shoe anchored at one end within the drum and restrained from circumferential movement at its anchored end, an unanchored shoe connected with the unanchored end of the anchored slice, and spring means acting adjacent the connected ends of the shoes and adjacent the unconnected end ot the unanchored shoe and urging the slices away from the drum.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

CHARLES WASEIGE. 

